Lockhart

In early times this name was spelt ‘Locard’ or ‘Lokart’. The name may be Flemish or Norman in origin. Like so many Scottish families, the Locards came from England where they were among those dispossessed of their lands by William the Conqueror. There were Lockards near Penrith in the twelfth century and later in Annandale, where the town of Lockerbie is said to be named after them. The family finally settled in Ayrshire and Lanarkshire, where they have held land for over seven hundred years.

The earliest paper in the family archives is a charter of 1323. By this, Sir Symon Locard bound himself and his heirs to pay out of the lands of Lee and Cartland an annual rent of £10. Stephen Locard, grandfather of Sir Symon, founded the village of Stevenston in Ayrshire, which would have been a hamlet or ferm-toun, housing farmers and workers on his estate. His son, Symon, acquired lands in Lanarkshire and, like his father, called a village which he founded, Symons Toun (today Symington) after himself. Symon, the second of Lee, won fame for himself and his family fighting alongside Robert the Bruce in the struggle to free Scotland from English domination, and was knighted for his loyal service. Sir Symon was among the knights, led by Sir James Douglas, who took Bruce’s heart on Crusade in 1329 to atone for his murder of John Comyn in the Church of Greyfriars in 1306, and his consequent excommunication. Douglas carried the king’s heart in a casket, of which Sir Symon carried the key. The crusade was ended prematurely when Douglas was killed fighting the Moors in Spain, but to commemorate the adventure and the honour done to the family, their name was changed from Locard to Lockheart, which afterwards became Lockhart. The heart within a fetterlock was from then on included in the arms of the family, and the deed is also commemorated in the motto.

As well as a new name, the family gained a precious heirloom on the Crusade: the mysterious charm known as the Lee Penny. Sir Walter Scott used the story of its acquisition by the family as a basis for his novel, The Talisman. Sir Symon captured a Moorish amir in battle in Spain, and received from the man’s mother as part of his ransom, an amulet or stone with healing powers. The amir’s mother told Sir Symon that the stone was a remedy against bleeding, fever, the bites of mad dogs and the sicknesses of horses and cattle. The amulet was later set in a silver coin which has been identified as a fourpenny piece of the reign of Edward IV. The coin is kept in a gold snuffbox which was a gift from Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria, to her general, Count James Lockhart.

Such was the belief in the amulet’s powers that a descendant of Sir Symon, Sir James Lockhart of Lee, was charged with sorcery, an offence which could carry the death penalty. After examining the accused the Synod of the Church of Scotland dismissed the case, because ‘the custom is only to cast a stone in some water and give deseasit cattle thereof to drink and the same is done without using any words such as charmers use in their unlawful practices and considering that in nature there are many things seem to work strange effects whereof no human wit can give reason it having pleast God to give the stones and herbs a special virtue for healing of many infirmities in man and beast’.

Alan Lockhart of Lee was killed at the Battle of Pinkie in 1547. Sir James Lockhart of Lee, born in 1596, was appointed a gentleman of the Privy Chamber by Charles I and was knighted. In 1646 he was appointed to the Supreme Court Bench, taking the title of ‘Lord Lee’. A zealous royalist, he was captured at Alyth in 1651 and conveyed to the Tower of London. His son, Sir William, was a distinguished soldier who fought on the royalist side at the Battle of Worcester in 1651. He then campaigned on the Continent, where he achieved such prominence that Cardinal Mazarin, successor to Cardinal Richelieu, offered to make him a mareschal of France. He died in the Netherlands in 1675. James Lockhart, who inherited the estates in 1777, also saw service on the Continent where he rose to be a count of the Holy Roman Empire, a Knight of the Order of Maria Theresa and a general of that empress’s imperial forces. The title of count became extinct when James’s only son, Charles, died without issue. 
In 1996, the Clan Chief, Angus Lockhart of the Lee designed a Lockhart tartan and formed the Clan Lockhart Society.

Although the family seat, Lee Castle, near Lanark, was sold some years ago, the Estate is still owned and managed by the present Chief.

You can find out more about the Clan Lockhart at the Clan Lockhart Society web site: www.clanlockhartsociety.com